Project Constraints
A constraint, in project management, is any
restriction that defines a project's limitations. Projects need to be performed
and delivered under certain constraints. Traditionally, these constraints have
been listed as scope, time, and cost. These are also referred to as the Project
Management Triangle, where each side represents a constraint. One side of the
triangle cannot be changed without impacting the others.
Time: The schedule (sometimes stated more broadly as time) specifies the timeline according to which those components will be delivered, including the final deadline for completion. The time required to produce a product or service is estimated using several techniques. One method is to identify tasks needed to produce the deliverables. The work effort for each task is estimated and those estimates are rolled up into the final deliverable estimate.
Cost: Cost (sometimes stated more broadly as resources) involves the financial limitation of resources input to the project. The cost to develop a project depends on several variables including labor rates, material rates, risk management, plant (buildings, machines, etc.), equipment, etc.
Scope: Scope is a requirement specified for the end result. The overall definition of what the project is supposed to accomplish, and a specific description of what the end result should be said to be the scope of the project. A major component of scope is the quality of the final product. Over the course of a large project, quality can have a significant impact on time and cost or vice versa.
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